人体器官捐献中的死亡标准问题

杨顺良; 江哲龙; 吕立志; 李羽抒; 王栋

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2024033

人体器官捐献中的死亡标准问题

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2024033

11.
350025　福州，中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇〇医院泌尿外科
12.
OP O
23.
肝胆外科
34.
卫勤部

基金项目: 福建省临床重点专科泌尿外科建设项目（2017ZDKMN）；联勤保障部队联勤医学重点专科（LQZD-QG）

详细信息

作者简介:

通讯作者:
王栋（ORCID 0009-0007-6356-6473），博士，副主任医师，研究方向为肾移植，Email：wangdong1202@medmail.com.cn

中图分类号: R617, R19
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-29

The question of death criteria in human organ donation

11.
Department of Urology, the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou 350025, China

More Information

Author Bio:
杨顺良，主任医师，教授，硕士研究生导师。研究方向为器官捐献工作体系的创建与关键技术研究，肾移植长期存活受者的个性化免疫抑制治疗。现任中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第900医院泌尿外科副主任。兼任中华医学会泌尿外科学分会肾移植学组委员、中华医学会器官移植学分会移植感染学组委员、福建省医学会器官移植学分会副主任委员、福建省泌尿外科学会委员。兼任《器官移植》《中华细胞与干细胞杂志（电子版）》《中华器官移植杂志》编委。入选原南京军区“334”高层次科技人才培养工程领军人才培养对象。以第一完成人获福建省科技成果二等奖1项，军队医疗成果二等奖1项和军队医疗成果三等奖2项

Corresponding author: Wang Dong, Email: wangdong1202@medmail.com.cn

摘要

摘要: 死亡后捐献是开展公民逝世后器官捐献工作最重要的伦理原则。新修订的《人体器官捐献和移植条例》未定义死亡，且回避了“是否承认脑死亡”这一关键性问题，器官捐献工作中可能存在一定的法律风险或损害捐献者权益的情况。死亡是人类生命过程最终无法避免的事实，任何时代都需要而且只能通过一些具体的标准来判定死亡。死亡标准的建立基础是人们所持有的死亡观，并受到生产力发展水平和其他社会因素制约。中西方死亡判定标准的认定上存在明显差异。为了规范器官捐献和移植工作，推进器官捐献高质量发展，必须坚持动机纯正原则，以知情同意为前提，尊重捐献者及其近亲属的死亡标准自主选择权，严格遵循死亡判定程序和操作规范，确保死亡认定的科学性、准确性和公正性。
- 器官捐献 /
- 死亡标准 /
- 脑死亡器官捐献 /
- 心脏死亡器官捐献 /
- 器官移植 /
- 伦理 /
- 知情同意 /
- 自主选择
Abstract: Donation after death is the most important ethical principle to carry out organ donation after citizens’ death. The newly-revised Regulations on Human Organ Donation and Transplantation does not define death, and avoids the key question of “whether to recognize brain death”. Certain legal risks or damages to the rights and interests of donors may exist in organ donation. Death is an inevitable part of human life. It is necessary to establish specific criteria, which is also the only approach, to define death in any era. Death criteria are established based on the view of death, and restricted by the development level of productive forces and other social factors. The determination of death criteria hugely varies between China and the West. To standardize organ donation and transplantation and promote high-quality development of organ donation, medical staff must adhere to the principle of pure motivation, take informed consents as the premise, respect the donors' and their close relatives' rights to choose their own death criteria, strictly follow the death judgment procedures and operating norms, and ensure the scientificity, accuracy and fairness of death determination.
- Organ donation /
- Death criteria /
- Donation after brain death /
- Donation after cardiac death /
- Organ transplantation /
- Ethics /
- Informed consent /
- Self-selection

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参考文献(39)

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