Abstract: Liver transplantation is one of the standard treatments for end-stage liver disease. With the development of surgical techniques and the optimization of perioperative management, the incidence of complications after liver transplantation has decreased, but perioperative neurological complications are still relatively common. The incidence of stroke varies greatly, with complex causes, as well as insidious onset, rapid progression and high fatality. Early identification and diagnosis of perioperative stroke after liver transplantation and timely effective treatment are of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients. Therefore, this article reviews the concept, occurrence, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of perioperative stroke after liver transplantation, and explores the research progress of perioperative stroke after liver transplantation, in order to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative stroke after liver transplantation.