Chinese expert consensus on clinical application of inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin in liver transplant recipients (2023 edition)
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摘要: 肝移植受者的长期存活和生存质量很大程度上取决于术后中长期健康管理和免疫抑制方案。长期服用免疫抑制剂可导致受者出现肾损伤、代谢性疾病和新发恶性肿瘤等严重并发症，甚至增加肝癌肝移植术后肿瘤复发风险。目前肝移植受者常用的免疫抑制方案以钙调磷酸酶抑制剂（CNI）为基础，但是CNI引起的肾脏毒性、神经毒性和促进肿瘤复发等问题极大地影响了受者预后，近年来临床逐渐减少其用量并寻求替代药物。近年来使用以哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂（mTORi）为基础的免疫抑制方案逐渐增多，国内外多部指南均对肝移植受者使用mTORi给出了指导意见。为了更好地为国内肝移植临床医师提供参考，中国器官移植发展基金会组织国内经验丰富的移植专家，结合已发表的国内外指南、共识和研究进展，经广泛征求意见，共同制订本专家共识。Abstract: The long-term survival and quality of life of liver transplant recipients largely depend on long-term health management and immunosuppression regimen after surgery. Long-term use of immunosuppressants may lead to severe complications, such as kidney injury, metabolic diseases and new malignant tumors, and even increase the risk of liver cancer recurrence after liver transplantation. At present, common immunosuppressive regimens in liver transplant recipients are delivered based on calcineurin inhibitor (CNI). However, renal toxicity, neurotoxicity and increased tumor recurrence caused by CNI have significantly affected clinical prognosis of the recipients. In recent years, the dosage of CNI has been gradually reduced and alternative drugs have been explored. Recently, the use of immunosuppressive regimens based on mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTORi) has been gradually increased. Multiple domestic and international guidelines have provided guidance on the use of mTORi in liver transplant recipients. China Organ Transplantation Development Foundation organized experienced transplant experts in China, combined with published guidelines, consensus and research progress at home and abroad and solicited extensive opinions to jointly formulate this expert consensus, aiming to provide reference for liver transplant clinicians in China.
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Key words:
- Liver transplantation /
- Immunosuppression /
- Rapamycin /
- Sirolimus /
- Everolimus /
- Tumor recurrence
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