Advances in application of regulatory T cells in transplant immune tolerance: from basic to clinical research
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摘要: 调节性T细胞（Treg）是机体建立免疫耐受的重要抑制性免疫细胞，在调控机体过度免疫应答和自身免疫性疾病中发挥着重要作用。在移植免疫耐受相关研究中，增加体内Treg数量或增强其功能已被证明是一种能够诱导移植免疫耐受的治疗策略。目前，基于Treg诱导移植免疫耐受的方法包括过继输注Treg、体内扩增Treg和利用抗原特异性Treg。本文对Treg的特征及其作用机制，基础实验最新研究进展及国内外与移植免疫耐受相关的Treg临床实践进行综述，并对Treg治疗未来的挑战与发展进行展望，旨在揭示Treg在移植免疫耐受相关研究中的重要性和应用前景，探讨Treg治疗策略的优势和局限性，并为今后该领域的研究提供参考依据和启示。
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关键词:
- 免疫耐受 /
- 调节性T细胞（Treg） /
- 器官移植 /
- 细胞疗法 /
- 白细胞介素-2 /
- 嵌合抗原受体（CAR） /
- 细胞毒T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA-4） /
- 移植物抗宿主病
Abstract: Regulatory T cells (Treg) are important inhibitory immune cells to establish immune tolerance, which play a pivotal role in regulating excessive immune response and autoimmune diseases of the host. Previous studies related to transplant immune tolerance have confirmed that increasing the number of Treg in vivo or enhancing the function of Treg serve as a therapeutic strategy to induce transplant immune tolerance. At present, Treg-based induction methods for transplant immune tolerance include adoptive infusion of Treg, in vivo amplification of Treg and utilization of antigen-specific Treg. In this article, the characteristics and mechanism of Treg, the latest research progress on basic experiments and clinical practice of Treg related to transplant immune tolerance at home and abroad were reviewed, and future challenges and development of Treg therapy were prospected, aiming to unravel the significance and application prospect of Treg in transplant immune tolerance, explore the advantages and limitations of Treg therapeutic strategies, and provide reference and evidence for subsequent research in this field. -
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