Objective  To analyze the risk factors for cerebral apoplexy in the recipients after renal transplantation.

  Methods  Clinical data of 376 renal transplant recipients who were followed up regularly were retrospectively analyzed. The recipients were divided into cerebral apoplexy group (39 cases) and non-cerebral apoplexy group (337 cases) according to the occurrence of cerebral apoplexy. The risk factors of cerebral apoplexy were analyzed using single factor analysis and COX proportional hazards regression model.

  Results  The 376 recipients were followed up for a median duration of 55 months, among whom 39 recipients suffered from cerebral apoplexy, with a cumulative incidence of 10.4%. Single factor analysis indicated that there were significant differences in age ≥40 years old at transplantation, duration of dialysis ≥12 months before transplantation, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/(min·1.73m²), incidence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia between cerebral apoplexy group and non-cerebral apoplexy group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for cerebral apoplexy occurred in the recipients after renal transplantation were age ≥40 years old hazard ratio (HR) =1.110, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.067-1.154, P=0.000, duration of dialysis ≥12 months before transplantation (HR=1.044, 95%CI=1.021-1.067, P=0.000) and eGFR < 30 mL/(min·1.73m²) (HR=2.448, 95%CI=1.197-5.005, P=0.014).

  Conclusions  The independent risk factors for cerebral apoplexy in the recipients after renal transplantation include age ≥ 40 years old, long duration of dialysis before transplantation and renal insufficiency.