Objective  To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment experience on vascular complications of transplant renal artery.

  Methods  Of 322 patients undergoing renal transplantation in the 281st Hospital of People's Liberation Army from June 2007 to June 2014, 29 patients developed vascular complications of transplant renal artery after transplantation. Clinical data of such 29 patients were retrospectively studied to summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment experience.

  Results  Two patients developed anastomotic haemorrhage of transplant renal artery, 23 patients developed transplant intrarenal artery spasm, 2 patients developed transplant renal artery thrombosis and 2 patients developed transplant renal artery stenosis. The anastomotic haemorrhage from transplant renal artery was postoperative haemorrhage, and surgical exploration and hemostasis were conducted in time. Patients with transplant intrarenal artery spasm were given antispasmodic treatment during operation. And the dark red and soft renal graft became full and ruddy. Patients with transplant renal artery thrombosis underwent surgical exploration once confirmed. The renal grafts were dark red and did not recover to normal after blood supply recovery, thus the renal grafts were removed. For patients with developed transplant renal artery stenosis, balloon dilatation and stent implantation were adopted. The blood pressure of patients returned to normal and the renal function was normal.

  Conclusions  Vascular complications of transplant renal artery are characterized by quick progression, fast condition changes and serious consequences. In order to reduce the incidence and increase the recovery rate, active prevention and decisive treatment are very important.