Objective  To analyze the relevant factors affecting prognosis of pulmonary infection after renal transplantation.

  Methods  The clinical data of 40 patients who suffered from pulmonary infection after renal transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from January 2000 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. By Cox risk model, single and multi-analysis were performed on 20 possible factors, including age, gender, time of infection, type of infection, white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, hemoglobin, blood glucose, serum creatinine (Scr), pulmonary infection complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome or acute pulmonary injury, rejection, blood transfusion, infusion of albumin, infusion of immune globulin, use of ventilator, way of offering oxygen, immunosuppressive regimen, dosage change of immunosuppressant, anti-infection therapeutic regimen and length of stay.

  Results and Conclusions  Triple immunosuppressive therapy without mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and increase of neutrophil ratio were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection after renal transplantation. Triple immunosuppressive therapy with MMF combined with early anti-infection therapeutic regimen may improve patient and graft survival of patients with pulmonary infection after renal transplantation.