Abstract: How to enable children who receive liver transplantation to abandon long-term immunosuppressive drugs while maintaining the function of the transplant organ is the core challenge currently faced in the field of pediatric liver transplantation. Utilizing the developmental plasticity of the child's immune system and actively inducing immune tolerance is the fundamental approach to solving this problem. This article reviews the cell-based immune tolerance induction strategies after pediatric liver transplantation, systematically analyzes the mechanism and research progress of regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, regulatory dendritic cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, Vδ1 γδ T cells and hepatic stellate cells, summarizes the core progress and translational challenges in this field, and looks forward to the future of individualized treatment, cell engineering and combined treatment regimens.