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器官移植病理学临床技术操作规范(2019版)—肝移植

中华医学会器官移植学分会

中华医学会器官移植学分会. 器官移植病理学临床技术操作规范(2019版)—肝移植[J]. 器官移植, 2019, 10(3): 267-277. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.03.008
引用本文: 中华医学会器官移植学分会. 器官移植病理学临床技术操作规范(2019版)—肝移植[J]. 器官移植, 2019, 10(3): 267-277. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.03.008
Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association. Clinical technical operation specification for pathology of organ transplantation (2019 edition): liver transplantation[J]. ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION, 2019, 10(3): 267-277. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.03.008
Citation: Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association. Clinical technical operation specification for pathology of organ transplantation (2019 edition): liver transplantation[J]. ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION, 2019, 10(3): 267-277. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.03.008

器官移植病理学临床技术操作规范(2019版)—肝移植

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.03.008
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金面上项目 81472278

中国医学科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金 2018PT32018

国医学科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金 2018PT32021

国家人类遗传资源共享服务平台 2005DKA21300

天津市器官移植临床医学研究中心项目 15ZXLCSY00070

天津市科技计划项目 14RCGFSY00147

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    丛文铭,研究方向为肝脏肿瘤病理及肝脏移植病理,Email:wmcong@smmu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: R617, R36

Clinical technical operation specification for pathology of organ transplantation (2019 edition): liver transplantation

  • 摘要: 为了进一步规范器官移植病理学临床技术操作,中华医学会器官移植学分会组织器官移植专家和移植病理学专家,从移植肝病理学基本原则、切除病肝的病理学检查临床技术操作规范、供肝病理学评估的临床技术操作规范、移植肝病理学检查临床技术操作规范等方面,制定器官移植病理学临床技术操作规范(2019版)之移植肝病理学临床技术操作规范。

     

  • 图  1  供肝大泡性脂肪变的病理学表现

    A图示供肝活检组织冷冻切片油红O染色呈大颗粒阳性(油红O,×400);B图示供肝活检快速石蜡切片中大多数肝细胞(>70%)明显大泡性脂肪变(苏木素-伊红,×200)

    Figure  1.  Pathological manifestations of macro- vesicular steatosis of donor liver

    图  2  移植肝缺血-再灌注损伤的病理学表现

    A图示移植肝中央静脉周围肝细胞轻度水样变性及少数毛细胆管内胆汁淤积(苏木素-伊红,×200);B图(苏木素-伊红,×400)

    Figure  2.  Pathological manifestations of ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver allograft

    图  3  移植肝抗体介导的排斥反应C4d阳性的病理学表现(免疫组化,×200)

    图示在部分肝窦内皮细胞(A图)和门管区内毛细血管内皮细胞(B图)C4d阳性(↑)

    Figure  3.  Pathological manifestations of antibody-mediated rejection with C4d positive in liver allograft

    图  4  移植肝急性T细胞介导的排斥反应的病理学表现(苏木素-伊红,×400)

    图示门管区内小叶间胆管上皮炎,小叶间胆管上皮内多个淋巴细胞浸润(↑)

    Figure  4.  Pathological manifestations of acute T cell mediated rejection in liver allograft

    图  5  移植肝中央静脉周围炎型T细胞介导的排斥反应的病理学表现(苏木素-伊红,×200)

    图示中央静脉内皮炎表现

    Figure  5.  Pathological manifestations of central venulitis type T cell mediated rejection inliver allograft

    图  6  移植肝慢性排斥反应的慢性移植肝动脉血管病的病理学表现(苏木素-伊红,×200)

    图示肝动脉分支内膜泡沫细胞增生及管腔狭窄

    Figure  6.  Pathological manifestations of chronic arteriopathy of chronic rejection in liver allograft

    图  7  移植肝胆管并发症的病理学表现(苏木素-伊红,×400)

    A图示移植肝活检组织门管区内轻度水肿和小叶间胆管周围及其上皮层内较多中性粒细胞浸润;B图示移植肝毛细胆管内明显胆汁淤积

    Figure  7.  Pathological manifestations of biliary complications in liver allograft

    图  8  移植肝复发性乙型病毒性肝炎的病理学表现(免疫组化,×200)

    图示移植肝活检组织内HBsAg免疫组化染色呈弥漫性阳性

    Figure  8.  Pathological manifestations of recurrent viral hepatitis B in liver allograft

    图  9  移植肝复发性自身免疫性肝炎的病理学表现(苏木素-伊红,×200)

    图示移植肝活检组织内门管区内典型的界板性炎症

    Figure  9.  Pathological manifestations of recurrent auto immune hepatitis in liver allograft

    图  10  肝移植术后受者GVHD的皮肤及小肠病变

    A图示肝移植受者腹部散在多个圆形硬币样皮肤病变,其前臂和背部皮肤亦有相同病变;B图示其皮肤活检中可见鳞状上皮基底部有淋巴细胞和少许中性粒细胞浸润及基底细胞凋亡坏死呈“木乃伊细胞”(↑,苏木素-伊红,×400);C图示皮肤活检真皮组织内的微血管周围淋巴细胞围管状浸润(苏木素-伊红,×200);D图示肝移植受者小肠黏膜活检中可见黏膜腺体内少许淋巴细胞浸润(↑,苏木素-伊红,×400)

    Figure  10.  Skin lesions and small intestinal mucosa biopsy of recipient's GVHD after liver transplantation

    表  1  Banff移植肝排斥反应诊断标准的RAI定量评分

    Table  1.   RAI quantitative score of Banff Schema for liver allograft rejection

    分数 病理学表现
    门管区炎症
    1分 少数门管区淋巴细胞浸润为主,门管区无明显扩大
    2分 多数或全部门管区混合性炎细胞浸润(包括淋巴细胞、少量幼稚淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞等),门管区扩大,如果出现多量嗜酸性粒细胞伴门管区水肿和微血管内皮细胞肥大,应考虑急性AMR
    3分 多数或全部门管区混合性炎细胞浸润,门管区扩大,炎细胞侵出门管区至周围肝实质
    胆管炎性损伤
    1分 少数胆管炎细胞浸润和胆管上皮的轻度反应性改变(细胞核增大:核/浆比增加)
    2分 多数胆管炎细胞浸润,较多胆管出现退化,如核多形性、极像紊乱和胞浆空泡化
    3分 在2分之表现的基础上出现多数或全部胆管退化或灶性胆管腔破坏
    静脉内皮炎症
    1分 少数小叶间或中央静脉的内皮下淋巴细胞浸润
    2分 多数或全小叶间或中央静脉的内皮下淋巴细胞浸润,少数中央静脉周围肝细胞脱失
    3分 在2分之表现的基础上,出现中-重度静脉周围炎并延伸至周围肝实质和多数中央静脉周围出现肝细胞坏死
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  移植肝慢性排斥反应的组织学评价标准

    Table  2.   Histological evaluation criteria on chronic rejection of liver allograft

    部 位 早期慢性排斥反应 (至少符合两条) 晚期慢性排斥反应 (至少符合两条)
    小胆管(<60 μm) 多数胆管出现衰老,<50%门管区出现胆管消失 ≥50%门管区出现胆管消失,其余胆管出现退化
    小叶间动脉 <25%门管区出现动脉消失 ≥25%门管区出现动脉消失
    终末肝静脉和Ⅲ区肝细胞 终末肝静脉周围单个核细胞浸润;
    Ⅲ区肝细胞坏死和炎细胞浸润;
    轻度纤维化
    终末肝静脉程度不等的炎细胞浸润;
    局灶性静脉闭塞;
    中到重度(桥样)纤维化
    大肝动脉分支 内膜炎症,局灶性泡沫细胞沉积,没有管腔损伤 内膜泡沫细胞沉积;
    血管内膜纤维组织增生导致管腔狭窄
    大胆管分支 炎症损伤和灶性泡沫细胞沉积 管壁纤维化
    其他 “过渡性”肝炎和多灶性肝细胞坏死, 肝窦泡沫细胞沉积、胆汁淤积
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-02-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-01-19
  • 刊出日期:  2019-05-15

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