重庆市ICU护士器官捐献态度和意愿的现况调查及影响因素分析

董鹤; 徐霞; 张佳思; 杨琴; 罗春梅; 邓静; 罗羽

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.01.009

重庆市ICU护士器官捐献态度和意愿的现况调查及影响因素分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2019.01.009

400038 重庆，陆军军医大学护理系（董鹤、徐霞、罗春梅、邓静、罗羽）；陆军军医大学西南医院血液科（张佳思），肾科（杨琴）

基金项目:

重庆市高等教育教学改革研究项目 162062

陆军军医大学校人文社科基金课题重点项目 2017XRW05

详细信息

作者简介:
董鹤，女，1990年生，硕士研究生，护师，研究方向为器官移植，Email：457892003@qq.com

通讯作者:
罗羽，女，1969年生，博士，教授，研究方向为临床护理及护理人文，Email：luoyuhlgl@tmmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R617, R195
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-19
- 刊出日期: 2019-01-15

Survey of current status and influencing factors analysis of attitude and willingness of ICU nurses towards organ donation in Chongqing

School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chong Qing 400038, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Luo Yu, Email: luoyuhlgl@tmmu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的调查重庆市重症监护室(ICU)护士对器官捐献态度及意愿的现状并分析其影响因素。方法本研究整群抽取重庆市具有器官移植资质的全部三甲医院共计4所，采用便利抽样法选取321名在上述医院ICU工作的护士实施问卷调查。统计ICU护士器官捐献态度和意愿的得分情况；采用Spearman相关性分析分析器官捐献态度和意愿的相关性；采用多重线性回归分析器官捐献态度和意愿的影响因素。结果该组ICU护士器官捐献态度的平均得分为（3.5±0.9）分，器官捐献意愿的中位得分为2（2~3）分。ICU护士的器官捐献态度与意愿呈正相关（P < 0.001）。无偿献血经历、家庭成员对器官捐献的态度、劝捐经历是ICU护士器官捐献意愿的影响因素（均为P < 0.05），其中无偿献血经历、家庭成员对器官捐献的态度同时也是ICU护士器官捐献态度的影响因素（均为P < 0.05）。结论 ICU护士对器官捐献的态度中立，自身捐献器官的意愿较低，其主要影响因素为无偿献血经历、家庭成员对器官捐献的态度、劝捐经历。
- 重症监护室 /
- 护士 /
- 器官移植 /
- 器官捐献 /
- 问卷调查 /
- 态度 /
- 意愿 /
- 影响因素
Abstract: Objective To investigate the attitude and willingness of nurses from intensive care unit (ICU) in Chongqing towards organ donation and analyze the influencing factors. Methods In this study, 4 Grade 3A hospitals with organ transplantation qualifications in Chongqing were selected by cluster sampling, and 321 nurses in ICU from these 4 hospitals were chosen by convenient sampling method to complete the questionnaire survey. The scores of ICU nurses' attitude and willingness towards organ donation were calculated. Spearman's correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the correlation between the attitude and willingness to donate organs. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors of attitude and willingness towards organ donation. Results The average score of ICU nurses' attitude toward organ donation was (3.5±0.9) and the median score of willingness to donate organs was 2 (2-3). The attitude of ICU nurses towards organ donation was positively correlated with their willingness (P < 0.001). The experience of voluntary blood donation, the attitude of family members towards organ donation and the experience of organ donation persuasion were the influencing factors of ICU nurses' willingness to donate organs (all P < 0.05), among which the experience of voluntary blood donation and the attitude of family members towards organ donation were also the influencing factors of ICU nurses' attitude towards organ donation (both P < 0.05). Conclusions ICU nurses hold neutral attitude towards organ donation and show low willingness to donate organs. The experience of voluntary blood donation, the attitude of family members towards organ donation and the experience of organ donation persuasion are the main influencing factors.
- Intensive care unit /
- Nurse /
- Organ transplantation /
- Organ donation /
- Questionnaire survey /
- Attitude /
- Willingness /
- Influencing factor

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表 1 ICU护士器官捐献态度和意愿的单因素分析

Table 1. Single factor analysis of ICU nurses' attitude and willingness toward organ donation

项目	n	态度			意愿
项目	n	得分 (x±s, 分)	t/F值	P值	得分 [M (Q₁~Q₃), 分]	χ²/Z值	P值
年龄			0.669	0.513		6.740	0.034
20~29岁	203	3.5±0.9			2.00 (2.00~3.00)
30~39岁	110	3.6±0.9			2.00 (1.00~2.00)
40岁及以上	8	3.4±0.8			2.00 (2.00~3.00)
无偿献血经历			-4.411	< 0.001		-3.230	0.001
有	151	3.3±0.9			2.00 (2.00~3.00)
否	169	3.7±0.9			2.00 (1.00~2.00)
与家庭成员讨论器官捐献意愿			-2.188	0.029		-2.712	0.007
有	85	3.3±1.0			2.00 (2.00~3.00)
否	229	3.6±0.9			2.00 (1.00~2.00)
家庭成员对器官捐献的态度			24.594	< 0.001		41.233	< 0.001
同意	46	2.8±0.9			3.00 (2.00~3.00)
中立	159	3.6±0.8			2.00 (2.00~3.00)
不同意	90	3.8±0.9			2.00 (1.00~2.00)
劝捐经历			-3.100	0.002		-3.171	0.002
有	15	2.8±1.1			3.00 (2.00~3.00)
否	305	3.5±0.9			2.00 (2.00~2.00)
宣传或推广器官捐献的经历			-3.008	0.003		-3.095	0.002
有	32	3.1±1.0			2.00 (2.00~3.00)
否	287	3.6±0.9			2.00 (1.25~2.00)
由于部分调查问卷中该条目存在少部分缺失，故构成比不足100%

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表 2 自变量赋值

Table 2. Assignment of independent variables

项目	赋值方式
年龄	20~29岁=1；30~39岁=2；40岁及以上=3
无偿献血经历	否=0；有=1
与家庭成员讨论器官捐献意愿	否=0；有=1
家庭成员对器官捐献的态度	同意=1；中立=2；不同意=3
劝捐经历	否=0；有=1
宣传或推广器官捐献的经历	否=0；有=1

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表 3 ICU护士器官捐献态度和意愿的多重线性回归分析

Table 3. Multiple linear regression analysis of ICU nurses' attitude and willingness toward organ donation

变量	回归系数	标准误差	标准回归系数	t值	P值
器官捐献态度得分
常数	2.831	0.189	—	14.972	0.000
无偿献血经历	-0.402	0.100	-0.217	-4.006	0.000
家庭成员对器官捐献的态度	0.422	0.076	0.305	5.555	0.000
器官捐献意愿得分
常数	2.809	0.187	—	14.993	0.000
无偿献血经历	0.225	0.086	0.144	2.603	0.010
家庭成员对器官捐献的态度	-0.359	0.066	-0.305	-5.475	0.000
劝捐经历	0.558	0.268	0.139	2.083	0.038
器官捐献态度F=13.659，R²=0.194；器官捐献意愿F=11.193，R²=0.197

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